Cultural translation can be understood as a process in which there is no start text and usually no. The meaning of culturally marked words is often difficult to grasp without some cultural knowledge and poses translation problems, particularly when the words are associated with cultural domains. The quantitative research data is collected using a test of two exercises. The analysis of cultural gaps in translation and solutions. Cultural problems in translation july 2018 translation. Ana hernandez guerrera 2012 studied the role and choice of translators based on cultural translations, while anna ginter 2002 focused on cultural issues in translation with a concentration on. In international achievement studies, a common test is typically used which is translated into the languages of the participating countries. Analysis of translation strategies the analysis of data gathered for this research report is divided into several sections according to different translation strategies and where possible, tables are included. Problems of arabic machine translation are investigated by rached zantout and ahmed guessoum. The evolution of the internet, and in particular the growth of social media, has done wonders to reduce the vastness of our planet and bring people around the world closer together. Cultural appropriation is the adoption of certain elements from another culture without the consent of people who belong to that culture. A difficulty in translation work is what assayyd 1995 found when she conducted a study to compare and assess some problems in translating the fair names of allah in the quran. Machine translation mt translation of text from one language to another.
Pdf some semantic, stylistic and cultural problems of translation. Drawing on examples from across cultural domains theatre, film, tv and literature this work illuminates the elusive concept of cultural translation. Cultural boundaries in translation biblioteca unirioja. At other times, participants unexpectedly run into some turbulence and things dont go as well as planned. As mentioned earlier, the analysis is largely based on the translation strategies described by mona baker 1992. There are various types of translation problems, not all of which have received sufficient attention. If the translator does not have any cultural background of the source language then he will face difficulties conveying the whole meaning of the cultural patterns that are included in the original text. Problems of translation in crosscultural research lee. Translation theory mentions four types of translation problems. Translation of questions or other verbal stimuli has received more attention than problems of achieving equivalence in translations of orienting and task instructions and responses. The glorious quran examples necessitate offering different translations of their.
Hoy hace poniente en levante could be an example in spanish. However, a translator has to bear both these factors try to maintain a equilibrium according to the need. She pointed out that some of the major problems of. In this study we discuss the translation barriers through transferring cultures among languages. Cultural equivalence can be actually achieved if the words for the particular culture are universally known. Literary texts display many linguistic peculiarities, as well as social and cultural aspects of our lives and, thus, we can assert that literary translation is one of the main ways of communication across cultures.
Linguistic and cultural equivalence in translation one. The localization process is generally related to cultural adaptation and translation of software, video games, and websites, and less frequently to other forms of written translation which may also involve cultural adaptation processes logos 2016. The main aim of this paper is to investigate this translation problem, with reference to a number of culture bound expressions in the quran. Dealing with translation problems tolnai translations. This report presents some of the principal methodological issues and problems associated with. Translation is an activity of enormous importance in the modern world and has become an established area in language studies, being the main criterion for achieving. Cultural translation is the practice of translation while respecting and showing cultural differences. For there are so many translating problems that be aroused by cultural gaps, how to deal. Equivalence problems in translation nansy ahmad daoud mosleh alfaori translation department, yarmouk university, irbid, jordan. Cultural adaptation is a relatively new concept used to define the specific capacity of human beings and human societies to overcome changes of their natural and. So in such diversion like in the example above, the translator would. Further on, i will briefly analyse the selected examples of cultural aspects. Structurally english and odia and other indian languages are different. Cultural problems in translation july 2018 translation journal.
Psychology of translation in crosscultural interaction. It can be said that the first concept in cultural translation studies was cultural turn that in 1978 was presented by the work on polysystems and translation norms by evenzohar and in 1980 by toury. Translators usually have to deal with six different problematic areas in their work, whether they are translating technical documents or a sworn statement. Focusing on the built environment, current affairs, international relations and online media, this book arrives at a view of translation in its broadest sense. This paper deals with some lexical and syntactic problems of translation and offers modest solutions to each. In the second case, a translator may take recourse to a lot of other translating strategies that aim at delimiting the level of nonequivalence. The translator will use language localization to correctly adapt the translation to the culture targeted. The present study investigates the cultural problems involved in literary translation from english into arabic.
Power play is an important theme for cultural commentators and translation scholars. They dismiss the linguistic kinds of theories of translation and refer to them as having moved from word to text as a unit but not beyond. The sl cultural word is translated by a tl cultural word. An underestimated and underdiscussed threat to this validity is unwanted literal translation. This kind of translation solves some issues linked to culture, such as dialects, food or architecture the main issues that cultural translation must solve consist in translating a text as showing cultural differences of this text and respecting the source culture. The analysis of cultural gaps in translation and solutions jianqing wu foreign languages college qingdao university of science and technology qingdao 266061, china email. However, much of the public remains confused about what the term actually means. Translation theorists have been aware of the problems of cultural knowledge and cultural differences at least since ancient rome. Cultural knowledge and cultural differences have been a major focus of translator training and translation theory for as long as either has been in existence. For the purpose of analysis, sample examples will be extensively have been selected to reflect the problem under discussion. Cultural problems in literary translation from english. Oblique translation techniques are used when the structural or conceptual elements of the source language cannot be directly translated without altering meaning or upsetting the grammatical and stylistics elements of the target language. Pdf translation is recognised as an act of culturespecific communication.
For the test to be valid, all the translations and differentlanguage test versions need to be equally difficult to read and answer. The problem is that, some languages are loaded with cultural terms and expressions. This is why we can think of the test for german citizenship as a politically institutionalized form of cultural translation. Our communication pings almost instantaneously around the world and autotranslation software is making the content of the internet accessible like never before. Problems of translating cultural signs with reference to english. The next part of this dissertation deals with this problem and how culture affects translation, given that not in every definition previously mentioned, explains the. Among the lexical problems offered are the absence of direct tl counterparts, the different function of the tl counterpart, words with. In both theory and practice of translation, power resides in the deployment of language as an ideological weapon for excluding or including a reader, a value system, a set of beliefs, or even an entire culture. Another sort of pragmatic knowledge is involved in cases where the translation of a sentence depends on the communicative intention of the speaker on the sort of action the 108. The political meaning of cultural translation is not a quality external to the concept and capable of being discussed in a haphazard way. These aspects may be translated in different ways according to their role in the text and. It attempts to find out the reason why learners of english are unable to find the right appropriate equivalents of the english phrasal verbs into arabic.
We also define that translation has an important role in globalization of cultures especially pop culture leading to. Cultural difficulties in translations from english into arabic roxana s mares. Crosscultural research often involves physicians, nurses, and other health care providers. Cultural issues may arise from differences between cultural references, such as names of food, festivals and cultural connotations, in general. In particular, they discuss the issues of availability, building, and preparation of corpora. In studies of fecal and urinary incontinence, crosscultural research has been applied to qualityoflife comparisons, and instruments have been translated to foreign languages for use in other countries. Cultural aspects are an important factor to be kept in mind while linguistics are handled in translation. Translation and validation of study instruments for cross.
Here i take examples of translating from odia into english. The main aim of this paper is to investigate this translation problem, with reference to a number of culturebound expressions in the quran. As regards the cultural problems discussed, they cover the problems. Following these categories, in the text les loukoums chez larabe, the examples leading to cultural implications for translation may be classed essentially as material culture, and as gestures and habits although other cultural terms are also present. It analyzes university students translations of english literary texts in an attempt to identify the basic problems jordanian translation students encounter, strategies and processes students follow to account for these problems. Translation, the act or process of rendering what is expressed in one.
The analysis of cultural gaps in translation and solutions eric. Precisely by becoming cultural, translation opens up the problem of its intrinsic political meaning. Some problems of translation from english into arabic. Culture, as a main barrier in translation, creates real challenges for both translators and scholars of linguistics. The results of the study revealed that graduate students encounter different kinds of problems when translating cultural expressions. The prime cause of cultural translation is the movement of people subjects rather than the movement of texts objects. Its a controversial topic, one that activists and celebrities like adrienne keene and jesse williams have helped bring into the national spotlight. The examples of the study represent not only expressions resembling the islamic era, but also the pagan arabs era, as explicitly. Linguistic problems arise from the differences between the source and the target language. Their paper proposes the use of a neural networkbased transfer module in a combination with a corpusbased approach. The problem of translating english linguistic terminology into arabic 3 substituting the sl original term for the tl term. Cultural translation, norms and behavior cultural translation is considered to be one of the most essential and complicated translations. Translating literary texts, however, is not an easy task, since it certainly poses many problems for the translator.